Multilevel Operating Systems The Basic software for all newer computers is built on the well-established need for standard operating systems. This implies that all applications-no matter how large, complex or time consuming-must operate under (or, more precisely, on top of) the standard system. Large applications require supervisory monitors which handle problems similar to those of the operating systems, but at a different level. Sometimes, still a third or even a fourth such level is required or desirable. This leads naturally to the concept of multilevel systems-similar vertically, but different horizontally. Proper division of responsibility between levels leads to greater efficiency and less logical complexity, while actually enhancing capability. CACM March, 1966 Orchard-Hays, W. CA660310 JB March 3, 1978 1:31 PM 1462 5 1462 1462 5 1462 1462 5 1462 1781 5 1462 123 6 1462 196 6 1462 919 6 1462 990 6 1462 1007 6 1462 1046 6 1462 1131 6 1462 1139 6 1462 1140 6 1462 1149 6 1462 1198 6 1462 1215 6 1462 1223 6 1462 1265 6 1462 1303 6 1462 1323 6 1462 1358 6 1462 1366 6 1462 1421 6 1462 1460 6 1462 1462 6 1462 1463 6 1462 1467 6 1462 1468 6 1462 1477 6 1462 1491 6 1462 1496 6 1462 1531 6 1462 1535 6 1462 1565 6 1462 1601 6 1462 1602 6 1462 1613 6 1462 1614 6 1462 1626 6 1462 1641 6 1462 1787 6 1462 1788 6 1462 205 6 1462 224 6 1462 249 6 1462 288 6 1462 316 6 1462 381 6 1462 398 6 1462 11 6 1462 404 6 1462 410 6 1462 463 6 1462 464 6 1462 483 6 1462 3184 6 1462 3188 6 1462 584 6 1462 600 6 1462 680 6 1462 691 6 1462 763 6 1462 799 6 1462